Português do Brasil1976-1984
Destaques: Atari 2600, Odssey 2, Intellivision, Game & Watch
The second generation of video game consoles began in 1976 and lasted until 1983. This generation represented a significant evolution from the previous one, introducing color graphics, improved sound, and cartridge-based games, replacing consoles with built-in games. The Fairchild Channel F was the first console to use programmable cartridges, followed by the iconic Atari 2600, which became the most popular system of its time and a landmark in the industry.
This generation also saw the emergence of companies like Mattel, with the Intellivision, and Magnavox, with the Odyssey², which competed directly with Atari. The use of microprocessors allowed for greater game complexity and better performance, influencing the future development of the industry.
Technical Information
- Period: 1976 – 1983
- Main Consoles: Atari 2600, Fairchild Channel F, Intellivision, Odyssey², Bally Astrocade
- Technology: Microprocessors, removable ROM cartridges, color graphics, and basic sound
- Game Capacity: Up to 4 KB of data per cartridge in most consoles
- Controllers: Joysticks, paddles, and keypads
General Information
- Start of the Generation: 1976
- End of the Generation: 1983
- Estimated Number of Consoles Sold (Atari 2600): 30 million
- Key Features: Cartridge use, color graphics, introduction of microprocessors
- Main Contribution: Establishment of the home video game industry
Impact and Legacy
The second generation consolidated the home video game market and established the cartridge-based business model. The Atari 2600 popularized iconic franchises and proved that video games could be a profitable industry. However, the end of the generation was marked by the 1983 video game crash, caused by an oversupply of low-quality games and a loss of consumer confidence. This event paved the way for the rise of the third generation, led by Nintendo.
Curiosities
- The Fairchild Channel F was the first console to allow the swapping of games through cartridges.
- The Atari 2600 sold over 30 million units worldwide.
- The Intellivision was the first console to offer superior graphics and sound compared to the Atari 2600, and it also featured licensed sports games.
- The 1983 crash nearly destroyed the North American video game market but opened the door for Nintendo’s entry with the NES in the next generation.